Biblical Geography

The Valley of Elah

Valley · Old Testament · Wadi es-Sunt

Scripture first

1 Samuel 17:40 · WEBU

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David takes five smooth stones from the brook of the Elah valley and goes out to meet the Philistine.

The Valley of Elah runs from the hill country down to the coastal plain, one of the natural gateways into Judah. There the Philistine and Israelite armies faced each other across the brook, and there boy killed the champion and the war turned.

The broad valley with the dry brook bed where David met Goliath with five smooth stones.

Biblical names
the Valley of Elah (the valley of the terebinth)
Modern identification
Wadi es-Sunt · Israel

The text is topographically exact: two ridges, a valley between, a brook with smooth stones. Slings were the weapon of in exactly this terrain, and a slinger outranged a spearman.

The valley is still identifiable, still crossed by the same road, and its brook bed still carries smooth stones.

  • David takes five smooth stones from the brook of the Elah valley and goes out to meet the Philistine.
  • The armies drawn up on the two hills with the valley between them
  • The Philistines flee down the valley toward Gath and Ekron

What we know

Certain

  • The valley's identity and its fit with the narrative are among the most secure in biblical geography.